Maintenance and Safety Checks of Anesthesia Machines: A Best Practice Guide

Why Maintenance Matters

Regular maintenance of anesthesia machines:

• Prevents device failures during surgery

• Ensures consistent delivery of oxygen and anesthetic agents

• Complies with regulatory and accreditation standards

• Extends equipment lifespan and reduces long-term costs

Daily Pre-Use Checklist

Before each case or shift, the following should be checked:

1. Visual Inspection

• Check for visible damage or wear on tubing, connectors, vaporizers, and monitors

• Ensure all necessary accessories are available (e.g., CO₂ absorbers, breathing bags, scavenging hoses)

2. Power and Battery Backup

• Confirm the machine powers on and is connected to an emergency power source

• Verify battery charge level for portable use

3. Gas Supply Check

• Confirm oxygen, nitrous oxide, and air cylinders/tanks are full and properly connected

• Inspect pipeline pressures and check for audible leaks

4. Breathing Circuit Integrity

• Assemble and visually inspect all circuit components

• Perform a positive pressure leak test and a negative pressure leak test

5. Vaporizer Check

• Verify agent levels are sufficient and that the vaporizer is correctly seated

• Confirm agent label and dial settings match

6. Alarm Systems and Displays

• Test audible and visual alarms

• Confirm that monitors display accurate vitals, including EtCO₂, O₂, and ventilator settings

Weekly and Monthly Maintenance Tasks

Performed by anesthesia technicians or biomedical engineers:

• Clean exterior surfaces with approved disinfectants

• Inspect and clean water traps and filters

• Replace CO₂ absorbent as needed

• Verify calibration of flowmeters and pressure sensors

• Check ventilator bellows/piston function

• Test backup oxygen supply and scavenging system

Periodic Preventive Maintenance (Quarterly/Biannual)

Performed by certified biomedical technicians or manufacturer service teams:

• Full system diagnostics

• Electrical safety testing

• Calibration of sensors and vaporizers

• Lubrication and replacement of internal parts

• Firmware/software updates

Record-Keeping and Compliance

• Maintain a detailed log of all safety checks, maintenance, and repairs

• Use checklists integrated into the hospital’s electronic health record or asset management system

• Ensure compliance with standards from organizations such as AAMI, ASA, and The Joint Commission

Conclusion

Routine maintenance and safety checks are essential to ensure the reliable performance of anesthesia machines. Following structured protocols not only enhances patient safety but also meets compliance standards and protects your institution’s investment in critical care technology. Regular staff training and adherence to these best practices are key to maintaining a high standard of anesthetic care.

What is the service life of your current or previous anesthesia machine?